Showing posts with label prosa. Show all posts
Showing posts with label prosa. Show all posts

Friday, August 21, 2020

Kesusastraan| Elechi Amadi

 Elechi Amadi adalah seorang sastrawan prosa berkebangsaan Nigeria. Sebagai seorang novelis ia dikenal sebagai sastrawan yang menggambarkan tentang cerita rakyat dan spiritualitas kehidupan di desa tradisional. 

Amadi berasal dari etnis Igbo. Ia lahir pada tahun 1934 di sebuah desa kecil di wilayah timur laut Nigeria, berdekatan dengan Port Hartcourt. Pada tahun 1959 ia menamatkan studi ilmu fisika dan matematika dari University College of Ibadan, institusi yang merupakan alma mater bagi sejumlah penulis terkenal Nigeria, seperti Chinua Achebe, John Pepper Clark, Christopher Okigbo, dan Wole Soyinka. Amadi kemudian bekerja sebagai seorang surveyor tanah, kemudian mengajar sains selama tiga tahun pada sekolah misionaris di Ahoasa dan Oba. Pada tahun 1963 ia bergabung ke dalam Angkatan Bersenjata Nigeria; dalam periode ini Amadi mengajar bahasa pada sebuah sekolah militer di Zaria, mesosialisasikan dialek Igbo di sana.

Novel pertama Amadi, The Concubine, menggabungkan detil psikologis dan pengamatan yang cermat mengenai seorang perempuan muda di desa yang bertarung menghadapi kekuatan-kekuatan spiritual. Penerbitan novel ini pada tahun 1966 berbarengan dengan proklamasi kemerdekaan Biafra sebagian besar wilayahnya dihuni oleh suku Igbo. 

Kedekatan Amadi dengan pihak Federal selama terjadi konflik membuatnya terkucilkan karena sebagian besar penulis dan sastrawan dari etnis Igbo berseberangan dengannya secara politis. Amadi bersekukuh untuk tidak menulis novel tentang politik; ia menganggap politisasi karya sastra sebagai "pelacuran kesusastraan (prostitution of literature)". Konsistensinya untuk tidak memuat unsur politik di dalam karya sastra ditunjukkan oleh Amadi melalui novel Sunset in Biafra: A Civil War Diary, disusul kemudian dengan The Great Ponds (1969) dan The Slave (1978), kesemuanya lebih menceritakan mitologi tentang kehidupan pedesaan. Ketiga karya ini menjadi trilogy yang terkenal.

Setelah perang berakhir Elechi Amadi menjadi dean of arts pada Rivers State College of Education (1985-1986) dan, kemudian commissioner for education di Rivers State (1988-1989). Pada tahun 1986 kembali Amadi menghasilkan karya, yang ia beri judul Estrangement. Kali ini Amadi menyoroti kehidupan perkotaan dengan mengeksplorasi dampak perang dengan menghimpun informasi dari sejumlah orang yang selamat dari perang tersebut. Memasuki era 1970an, Amadi menerbitkan empat karya, namun kali ini ia merambah ke genre drama. Keempat karya tersebut adalah Isiburu (1973), Peppersoup (1973), The Road to Ibadan (1973), dan Dancer of Johannesburg (1979). Dekade berikutnya ditandai dengan partisipasi Amadi di dalam penulisan karya ilmiah melalui tulisannya yang berjudul Ethics in Nigerian Culture (1982).


Kepustakaan:

Tuttle K. "Amadi, Elechi." Dalam: Appah A, Gates, Jr. HL. (eds.). (2010). Encyclopedia of Africa. Volume 1. Oxford University Press. hal. 95.

Sunday, March 15, 2020

Bahasa Inggris | Latihan kosakata [2]

Sebutkanlah padanan kata dan/atau arti kata-kata di bawah ini di dalam bahasa Indonesia!

stucco : ....
edifice : ....
surmounted : ....
effigies : ....
opulence : ....
baronetcy : ....
pallor : ....
shiftiness : ....
sensuous : ....
waxen mask : ....
countenance : ....
ordinaries : ....
verge : ....
monstrosity : ....
embryonic : ....
abysmal : ....
countenance : ....
frock coat : ....
trenchantly : ....
rubicund : ....
asperity : ....
obsequious : ....
reminiscences : ....
flotation : ....
accursed : ....
proprietors : ....
swine : ....
redden : ....
baksheesh : ....
repudiation : ....

Kata-kata di atas dipergunakan oleh H. Ridder Hagard di dalam novel yang berjudul "The Yellow God" (hal. 1-20).

Sunday, September 22, 2019

Bahasa Inggris | Reading, Gotama

Naskah berikut ini dikutip dari prosa karangan Herman Hesse yang berjudul Siddhartha, halaman 26-27. Informasi lebih lanjut mengenai Herman Hesse pada tautan ini: Herman Hesse

Gotama

In the town of Savathi, every child knew the name of the exalted Buddha, and every house was prepared to fill the alms-dish of Gotama's disciples, the silently begging ones. Near the town was Gotama's favourite place to stay, the grove of Jetavana, which the rich merchant Anathapindika, and obedient worshipper of the exalted one, had given him and his people for a gift. 

All tales and answers, which the two young ascetics had received in their search for Gotama's abode, had pointed them towards this area. And arriving at Savathi, in the very first house, before the door of which they stopped to beg, food has been offered to them, and they accepted the food, and Siddhartha asked the woman, who handed them the food:

"We would like to know, oh charitable one, where the Buddha dwells, the most venerable one, for we are two Samanas from the forest and have come, to see him, the perfected one, and to hear the teachings from his mouth."

Quoth the woman: "Here, you have truly come to the right place, you Samanas from the forest. You should know, in Jetavana, in the garden of Anathapindika is where is exalted one dwells. There you pilgrims shall spent the night, for there is enough space for the inumerable, who flock here, to hear the teachings from his mouth."

This made Govinda happy, and full of joy he exclaimed: "Well so, thus we have reached our destination, and our path has come to an end! But tell us, oh mother of the pilgrims, do you know him, the Buddha, have you seen him with your own eyes?"

Quoth the woman: "Many times I have seen him, the exalted one. On many days, I have seen him, walking through the alleys in silence, wearing his yellow cloak, presenting his alms-dish in silence at the doors of the houses, leaving with a filled dish."

Delightedly, Govinda listened and wanted to ask and hear much more. But Siddhartha urged him to walk on. They thanked and left and hardly hard to ask for directions, for rather many pilgrims and monks as well from Gotama's community were on their to the Jetavana. And since they reached it at night, there were cosntant arrivals, shouts, and talk of those who sought shelter and got it. The two Samanas, accustomed to life in the forest, quickly and without making any noise a place to stay and rested there until the morning.

Kosakata:
exalted
alms-dish
ascetics
venerable
flock
inumerable
cloak